Fig. 3. Effect of thiamine on the concentration of (a) total triosephosphates, (b) methylglyoxal, and (c) D-lactate in human red blood cell suspensions in vitro. Dose response effect of thiamine on D-lactate formation (d). Key: t = 0, zero time estimate; N, + 5 mM glucose; H, + 50 mM glucose; H20, + 20 mM glucose; N + T, + 5 mM glucose and 500 mM thiamine; H + T, + 50 mM glucose and 500 mM thiamine; and H20 + T, + 20 mM glucose and 500 mM thiamine. Significance: ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, and ^***p < 0.001, with respect to t = 0; ^oop < 0.01 and ^ooop < 0.001 with respect to N; ⁺⁺⁺p < 0.001 with respect to H. Data are mean SD of 3-9 determinations.